Common Spruce
Picea spp.
Quick Care Guide
Prune: Prune in late winter or early spring to shape or remove dead branches
Sunlight: Prefers full sun, at least 6 hours daily
Water: Water deeply during dry periods, especially when young
Fertilize: Apply balanced fertilizer in early spring if needed
Leaves: Needle-like, evergreen, sharp and stiff
Flowers: Inconspicuous cones instead of flowers
Pruning
Common spruces require minimal pruning. Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Focus on removing dead, damaged, or diseased branches. For shaping, lightly trim new growth (called candles) rather than cutting into older wood, which doesn't regenerate. Avoid heavy pruning as spruces do not respond well to hard cuts.
Watering
While mature spruces are drought-tolerant, young trees need consistent moisture to establish deep roots. Water deeply during dry spells, ensuring the soil is moist but not soggy. Mulching can help retain soil moisture and keep roots cool.
Leaves
Spruces have stiff, needle-like leaves that are arranged spirally around the branches. The needles are sharp to the touch and remain on the tree year-round, providing year-long greenery and structure.
Sunlight
Spruce trees thrive in full sun and need at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily for healthy growth. They prefer open spaces and will not grow as densely or symmetrically in partial shade.
Fertilization
Spruces typically do not require frequent fertilization if planted in healthy soil. If needed, apply a slow-release, balanced fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10) in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can cause excessive, weak growth.
Flowers
Spruce trees do not produce showy flowers. Instead, they develop small, inconspicuous male and female cones in spring. The female cones mature into familiar woody cones that hang down from branches and contain seeds.